# How Our NFL Predictions Work (2023)

## The Details

FiveThirtyEight has an admitted fondness for the Elo rating — a simple system that judges teams or players based on head-to-head results — and we’ve used it to rate competitors in basketball, baseball, tennis and various other sports over the years. The sport we cut our teeth on, though, was professional football. Way back in 2014, we developed our NFL Elo ratings to forecast the outcome of every game. The nuts and bolts of that system are described below.

### Game predictions

In essence, Elo assigns every team a power rating (the NFL average is around 1500). Those ratings are then used to generate win probabilities for games, based on the difference in quality between the two teams involved, plus adjustments for changes at starting quarterback, the location of the matchup (including travel distance) and any extra rest days either team had coming into the contest. After the game, each team’s rating changes based on the result, in relation to how unexpected the outcome was and the winning margin. This process is repeated for every game, from kickoff in September until the Super Bowl.

For any game between two teams (A and B) with certain pregame Elo ratings, the odds of Team A winning are:

\begin{equation*}Pr(A) = \frac{1}{10^{\frac{-Elo Diff}{400}} + 1}\end{equation*}

EloDiff is Team A’s rating minus Team B’s rating, plus or minus the difference in several adjustments:

• A home-field adjustment of roughly 48 points, depending on who was at home, plus 4 points of Elo for every 1,000 miles traveled. The exact amount is based on a rolling 10-year average of home-field advantage, and changes during the season.Model tweak
Sept. 6, 2022
This means the New York Giants get about a 48-point Elo bonus when “hosting” the Jets (despite both teams calling MetLife Stadium home), while the New England Patriots would get roughly 58-point Elo bonus when, say, the Los Angeles Chargers come to visit. There is no base home-field adjustment for neutral-site games such as the Super Bowl1 or international games, although the travel-distance adjustment is included for the Super Bowl. If games are played without a significant number of fans in attendance, the base home-field advantage will be reduced to 33 points.If games are played without a significant number of fans in attendance, the base home-field advantage will be reduced to 33 points.Model tweak
Sept. 6, 2020
• A rest adjustment of 25 Elo points whenever a team is coming off of a bye week (including when top-seeded teams don’t play during the opening week of the playoffs). Our research shows that teams in these situations play better than would be expected from their standard Elo alone, even after controlling for home-field effects.
• A playoff adjustment that multiplies EloDiff by 1.2 before computing the expected win probabilities and point spreads for playoff games. We found that, in the NFL playoffs, favorites tend to outplay underdogs by a wider margin than we’d expect from their regular-season ratings alone.
• A quarterback adjustment that assigns every team and each individual QB a rolling performance rating, which can be used to adjust a team’s “effective” Elo upward or downward in the event of a major injury or other QB change. (See below for more details about how this adjustment works.)

We also tested effects for weather and coaches (including both head coaches and coordinators) but found that neither improved the predictive value of our model in backtesting by enough to warrant inclusion.

(Video) Predicting EVERY Team's 2022 NFL Record Game-by-Game

Fun fact: If you want to compare Elo’s predictions with point spreads like the Vegas line, you can also divide EloDiff by 25 to get the spread for the game. Just be sure to include all of the many adjustments above to get the most accurate predicted line.

Once the game is over, the pregame ratings are adjusted up (for the winning team) and down (for the loser). We do this using a combination of factors:

• The K-factor. All Elo systems come with a special multiplier called K that regulates how quickly the ratings change in response to new information. A high K-factor tells Elo to be very sensitive to recent results, causing the ratings to jump around a lot based on each game’s outcome; a low K-factor makes Elo slow to change its opinion about teams, since every game carries comparatively little weight. In our NFL research, we found that the ideal K-factor for predicting future games is 20 — large enough that new results carry weight, but not so large that the ratings bounce around each week.
• The forecast delta. This is the difference between the binary result of the game (1 for a win, 0 for a loss, 0.5 for a tie) and the pregame win probability as predicted by Elo. Since Elo is fundamentally a system that adjusts its prior assumptions based on new information, the larger the gap between what actually happened and what it had predicted going into a game, the more it shifts each team’s pregame rating in response. Truly shocking outcomes are like a wake-up call for Elo: They indicate that its pregame expectations were probably quite wrong and thus in need of serious updating.
• The margin-of-victory multiplier. The two factors above would be sufficient if we were judging teams based only on wins and losses (and, yes, Donovan McNabb, sometimes ties). But we also want to be able to take into account how a team won — whether they dominated their opponents or simply squeaked past them. To that end, we created a multiplier that gives teams (ever-diminishing) credit for blowout wins by taking the natural logarithm of their point differential plus 1 point.\begin{equation*}Mov Multiplier = \ln{(Winner Point Diff+1)} \times \frac{2.2}{Winner Elo Diff \times 0.001 + 2.2}\end{equation*}This factor also carries an additional adjustment for autocorrelation, which is the bane of all Elo systems that try to adjust for scoring margin. Technically speaking, autocorrelation is the tendency of a time series to be correlated with its past and future values. In football terms, that means the Elo ratings of good teams run the risk of being inflated because favorites not only win more often, but they also tend to put up larger margins in their wins than underdogs do in theirs. Since Elo gives more credit for larger wins, this means that top-rated teams could see their ratings swell disproportionately over time without an adjustment. To combat this, we scale down the margin-of-victory multiplier for teams that were bigger favorites going into the game.2

Multiply all of those factors together, and you have the total number of Elo points that should shift from the loser to the winner in a given game. (Elo is a closed system where every point gained by one team is a point lost by another.) Put another way: A team’s postgame Elo is simply its pregame Elo plus or minus the Elo shift implied by the game’s result — and in turn, that postgame Elo becomes the pregame Elo for a team’s next matchup. Circle of life.

We also adjust each starting quarterback’s rating based on his performance in the game, adjusting for the quality of the opposing defense. (Read on for more details about how that process works.)

Elo does have its limitations. Aside from changes at quarterback, it doesn’t know about trades or injuries that happen midseason, so it can’t adjust its ratings in real time for the absence of an important non-QB player. Over time, it will theoretically detect such a change when a team’s performance drops because of the injury, but Elo is always playing catch-up in that department. Normally, any time you see a major disparity between Elo’s predicted spread and the Vegas line for a game, it will be because Elo has no means of adjusting for key changes to a roster and the bookmakers do. (But this should be much less frequent after the addition of our QB adjustments, since oddsmakers don’t tend to shift lines much — or at all — in response to changes at non-QB positions.)

New for 2019,New feature
Sept. 3, 2019
we added a way to account for changes in performance — and personnel — at quarterback, the game’s most important position. Here’s how it works:

(Video) Easy Money 2022 l NFL Week 8 Picks & Predictions l Best Bets ATS Handicapper Expert 10/30/22

• Both teams and individual quarterbacks have rolling ratings based on their recent performance.
• Performance is measured according to “VALUE,” a regression between ESPN’s Total QBR yards above replacement and basic box score numbers (including rushing stats) from a given game, adjusted for the quality of opposing defenses.
• The formula for VALUE is: -2.2 * Pass Attempts + 3.7 * Completions + (Passing Yards / 5) + 11.3 * Passing TDs – 14.1 * Interceptions – 8 * Times Sacked – 1.1 * Rush Attempts + 0.6 * Rushing Yards + 15.9 * Rushing TDs.3
• This metric is also adjusted for opposing defensive quality by computing a rolling rating for team QB VALUE allowed, subtracting league average from the VALUE an opponent usually gives up per game, and using that to adjust a QB’s performance for the game in question. So for example, if a team usually gives up a VALUE 5 points higher than the average team, we would adjust an individual QB’s performance downward by 5 points of VALUE to account for the easier opposing defense.
• For individual QBs, the rolling rating is updated every 10 games. (i.e., Rating_new = 0.9 * Rating_old + 0.1 * Game_VALUE ).
• For teams, the rolling rating is updated every 20 games.
• This implies that short-term “hot” and “cold” streaks by individual QBs have predictive value, which can trigger a nonzero pregame QB adjustment even when a team has had the same starter for each of its previous 20 games.
• The rolling rating represents the VALUE we’d expect a quarterback (whether at the individual or team level) to produce against a passing defense of average quality in the next start. To convert between VALUE and Elo, the rolling rating can be multiplied by 3.3 to get the number of Elo points a QB is expected to be worth compared with an undrafted rookie replacement.
• The quarterback Elo adjustment is applied before each game by comparing the starting QB’s rolling VALUE rating with the team’s rolling rating and multiplying by 3.3.
• For example: When Aaron Rodgers was injured midway through the 2017 season, he had a rolling VALUE rating of 66. The Green Bay Packers’ team rolling VALUE rating was 68, and backup Brett Hundley had a personal rating of 14. So when adjusting the Packers’ Elo for their next game with Hundley starting instead of Rodgers, we would have applied an adjustment of 3.3 * (14 – 68) = -1764 to Green Bay’s base Elo rating of 1586 heading into its Week 7 game against the Saints. This effectively would have left the Packers as a 1409 Elo team with Hundley under center (before applying adjustments for home field, travel and rest), dropping Green Bay’s win probability from 63 percent to 39 percent for the game despite playing at home. In cases like these, the QB adjustment can have a massive effect!

The average team QB VALUE rating going into the 2019 season was about 49.5 (or about 163 Elo points), a leaguewide number that has increased substantially over the history of the NFL as passing has become more prevalent and efficient. So a rolling rating that would have made a QB one of the best in football in the 1990s would rank as only average now, even though the zero-point in our ratings remains the replacement-level performance of an undrafted rookie starter.

One last note on these ratings involves how they are set initially. We’ll explain preseason team Elo ratings below, but here is how preseason ratings are set for the quarterback adjustment:

• Before a season, each starting quarterback is assigned a preseason rating based on either his previous performance or his draft position (in the case of rookies making their debut start).
• For veterans with between 10 and 100 career starts, we take their final rating from the end of the previous season and revert it toward the rating of the average NFL QB start by one-fourth before the following season.
• For players with fewer than 10 or more than 100 starts, we don’t revert their ratings at all.
• For rookies making their starting debuts, we assign them initial ratings based on draft position. An undrafted rookie is always assigned a rating of zero for his first start. The first overall pick, by comparison, gets a rating of +113 Elo points before his first start.
• Preseason QB ratings are also assigned at the team level. These consist of one-third weight given to the team’s previous end-of-season rolling QB rating and two-thirds weight given to the preseason rolling rating of the team’s projected top starter.

### Pregame and preseason ratings

So all of that is how Elo works at the game-by-game level and what goes into our quarterback adjustments. But where do teams’ preseason ratings come from, anyway?

We use two sources to set teams’ initial ratings going into a season:

• At the start of each season, every existing team carries its Elo rating over from the end of the previous season, except that it is reverted one-third of the way toward a mean of 1505. That is our way of hedging for the offseason’s carousel of draft picks, free agency, trades and coaching changes. We don’t currently have any way to adjust for a team’s actual offseason moves, aside from changes at quarterback, but a heavy dose of regression to the mean is the next-best thing, since the NFL has built-in mechanisms (like the salary cap) that promote parity, dragging bad teams upward and knocking good ones down a peg or two.
• For seasons since 1990, we also use Vegas win totals to help set preseason Elo ratings, converting over-under expected wins to an Elo scale. (This addition to the model helped significantly improve predictive accuracy in backtesting, by a little more than half the improvement that adding the QB adjustment did.) As a side note, this is partly why we mix the projected startIng QB’s rolling rating into the preseason team QB rating — we assume that changes at quarterback are “baked into” Vegas over/unders and must be adjusted for to avoid double-counting the improvement added by an upgrade at QB.

These two factors are combined, with one-third weight given to regressed Elo and two-thirds weight given to Vegas-wins Elo. This blend is what forms a team’s preseason Elo rating.

Note that end-of-season ratings from the previous year are for “existing” teams. Expansion teams have their own set of rules. For newly founded clubs in the modern era, we assign them a rating of 1300 — which is effectively the Elo level at which NFL expansion teams have played since the 1970 AFL merger. We also assigned that number to new AFL teams in 1960, letting the ratings play out from scratch as the AFL operated in parallel with the NFL. When the AFL’s teams merged into the NFL, they retained the ratings they’d built up while playing separately.

(Video) NFL WEEK 9 PICKS 2022 NFL GAME PREDICTIONS | WEEKLY NFL PICKS

For new teams in the early days of the NFL, things are a little more complicated. When the NFL began in 1920 as the “American Professional Football Association” (they renamed it “National Football League” in 1922), it was a hodgepodge of independent pro teams from existing leagues and opponents that in some cases were not even APFA members. For teams that had not previously played in a pro league, we assigned them a 1300 rating; for existing teams, we mixed that 1300 mark with a rating that gave them credit for the number of years they’d logged since first being founded as a pro team.

\begin{equation*}Init Rating = 1300\times\frac{2}{3}^{Yrs Since 1st Season} + 1505\times{(1-\frac{2}{3})}^{Yrs Since 1st Season}\end{equation*}

This adjustment applied to 28 franchises during the 1920s, plus the Detroit Lions (who joined the NFL in 1930 after being founded as a pro team in 1929) and the Cleveland Rams (who joined in 1937 after playing a season in the second AFL). No team has required this exact adjustment since, although we also use a version of it for historical teams that discontinued operations for a period of time.

Not that there haven’t been plenty of other odd situations to account for. During World War II, the Chicago Cardinals and Pittsburgh Steelers briefly merged into a common team that was known as “Card-Pitt,” and before that, the Steelers had merged with the Philadelphia Eagles to create the delightfully monikered “Steagles.” In those cases, we took the average of the two teams’ ratings from the end of the previous season and performed our year-to-year mean reversion on that number to generate a preseason Elo rating. After the mash-up ended and the teams were redivided, the Steelers and Cardinals (or Eagles) received the same mean-reverted preseason rating implied by their combined performance the season before.

And don’t forget about the Cleveland Browns and Baltimore Ravens. Technically, the NFL considers the current Browns to be a continuation of the franchise that began under Paul Brown in the mid-1940s. But that team’s roster was essentially transferred to the Ravens for their inaugural season in 1996, while the “New Browns” were stocked through an expansion draft in 1999. Because of this, we decided the 1996 Ravens’ preseason Elo should be the 1995 Browns’ end-of-year Elo, with the cross-season mean-reversion technique applied, and that the 1999 Browns’ initial Elo should be 1300, the same as any other expansion team.

### Season simulations

Now that we know where a team and quarterback’s initial ratings for a season come from and how those ratings update as the schedule plays out, the final piece of our Elo puzzle is how all of that fits in with our NFL interactive graphic, which predicts the entire season.

(Video) NFL Week 9 Predictions 2022!

At any point in the season, the interactive lists each team’s up-to-date Elo rating (as well as how that rating has changed over the past week and how any changes at QB alter the team’s effective Elo), plus the team’s expected full-season record and its odds of winning its division, making the playoffs and even winning the Super Bowl. This is all based on a set of simulations that play out the rest of the schedule using Elo to predict each game.

Specifically, we simulate the remainder of the season tens of thousands of times using the Monte Carlo method, tracking how often each simulated universe yields a given outcome for each team. It’s important to note that we run these simulations “hot” — that is, a team’s Elo rating is not set in stone throughout the simulation but changes after each simulated game based on its result, which is then used to simulate the next game, and so forth. This allows us to better capture the possible variation in how a team’s season can play out, realistically modeling the hot and cold streaks that a team can go on over the course of a season.

Our simulations also project which quarterback will start each game by incorporating injuries, suspensions and starters being rested. For example, we might know that a quarterback is out for Weeks 1 and 2 but back for certain in Week 3. Or our forecast might have some uncertainty around a quarterback’s injury and project that he has only a 10 percent chance of playing next week but a 50 percent chance of playing the following week, and so on. In cases where we don’t know for sure which quarterback will start a game, the team’s quarterback adjustment is a weighted average of the possible starting quarterback adjustments.

Late in the season, you will find that the interactive allows you to experiment with different postseason contingencies based on who you have selected to win a given game. This is done by drilling down to just the simulated universes in which the outcomes you chose happened and seeing how those universes ultimately played out. It’s a handy way of seeing exactly what your favorite team needs to get a favorable playoff scenario or just to study the ripple effects each game may have on the rest of the league.

Starting in 2021,Model tweak
Sept. 7, 2021
we’re also adding a few tweaks for meaningless games involving playoff teams in the final week of the season. Specifically:

• Any non-undefeated team that has locked up a specific playoff seed before its final regular-season game will be docked 250 rating points in that game (in addition to any penalty it might incur for resting the starting quarterback).
• Neither team’s rating will change after a final regular-season game involving a team that has locked up a specific playoff seed.

### The complete history of the NFL

In conjunction with our Elo interactive, we also have a separate dashboard showing how every team’s Elo rating has risen or fallen throughout history. These charts will help you track when your team was at its best — or worst — along with its ebbs and flows in performance over time. The data in the charts goes back to 1920 (when applicable) and is updated with every game of the current season.An important disclaimer: The historical interactive ratings will differ from the ratings found in our current-season prediction interactive because the historical ratings do not contain our quarterback adjustments. (If you’re interested in looking at the historical QB adjustment data, it’s available on our data homepage.)

(Video) 2022 WEEK 8 NFL PREDICTIONS

## FAQs

### How often are NFL predictions correct? ›

The worst-performed experts correctly predicted the outcome of around 150 of the 256 games, the best-performed experts correctly predicted about 180 games, and most experts were correct for between 155 and 175 of the games.

Who is the most accurate NFL game predictor? ›

Here's how each expert compares and who is the most accurate game predictor of the 2022 NFL season.
...
Past Champions.
YearMost Accurate
2020Matt Bowen ESPN
2019Kevin Seifert ESPN
2018Jamey Eisenberg CBS Sports
2017Jamey Eisenberg CBS Sports
4 more rows

How is NFL Elo calculated? ›

A player's Elo rating is represented by a number which may change depending on the outcome of rated games played. After every game, the winning player takes points from the losing one. The difference between the ratings of the winner and loser determines the total number of points gained or lost after a game.

What is qb Elo? ›

QB Elo Value is a measure and prediction of QB value from 538's Elo model. It uses traditional stats (yards, completions, TDs, etc) to model ESPN's QBR then normalizes that value to be on the same scale as the Elo model. Think of QB Elo Value as QBR, but not on a 0-100 scale.

Is Walter picks reliable? ›

Overall this is the best reliable fantasy app out there. It is a good tool to use, but I would not recommend 100% relying on this app or any other source either.

Nevertheless, Madden NFL has managed to be correct 61% overall since the tradition began in 2004. Madden's simulation has the Bengals scoring first with a touchdown pass to Ja'Marr Chase, with the Rams equalizing with a four-yard run from Sony Michel.

Who is the best free NFL handicapper? ›

Best NFL Handicappers of All-Time
RankHandicapperSc Score
1Jeff Hochman71.80
2Vic Duke19.28
3Scott Rickenbach16.36
4Rob Vinciletti12.11
11 more rows

How accurate is Vegas NFL? ›

Vegas' Mean Average Error (or MAE) was 2.2 wins. Essentially, this means that, on average, Vegas is within 2.2 wins in either direction of their projected win line total. This is accurate in the sense that it's close, but it's not accurate in the traditional sense.

How do you read football odds? ›

Odds are presented as a positive or negative number next to the team's name. A negative number means the team is favored to win, while a positive number indicates that they are the underdog. Ex: Dallas Cowboys, -135; Seattle Seahawks, +135.

What is ELO stand for? ›

ELO stands for Expanded Learning Opportunities. It is a 30 minute period of instructional time within the school day for students to receive individualized instructional support personalized to their needs.

### Which country is strong in football? ›

World Football / Soccer Rankings
RkTeamRecord
1Brazil43-4-11
2Belgium42-7-8
3France39-6-14
4Netherlands28-8-13
117 more rows

What is a good Elo rating? ›

what is a good chess rating?
CategoryRating range
Senior master2400–2599
Master2200–2399
Expert2000–2199
Class A1800–1999
3 more rows
16 Apr 2017

Who has the most accurate fantasy football predictions? ›

Most Accurate Draft Experts from 2019 to 2021
RankExpert NameDST
1Sean Koerner - The Action Network10
2Jared Smola - Draft Sharks15
3Pat Fitzmaurice - FantasyPros46
4Rob Waziak - Fantasy Life22
38 more rows

How accurate are NFL fantasy projections? ›

The resulting distribution (above) is the standard error of the mean, in this case giving us a 95% confidence interval of 0.34 +/- 0.2. If zero were to fall within our 95% confidence interval, we would say that ESPN's projections are, on average, indistinguishable from zero.

Which fantasy football analyst is most accurate? ›

What is the Most Accurate Fantasy Football Site? In 2021, FantasyPros named Jeff Ratcliffe of FTN Fantasy as the most accurate fantasy expert, with Jake Ciely of The Athletic coming in second.

How often is Madden simulation correct? ›

Actually in essence, that's what they do! To answer the question I posed, over a three year period, these "Madden Simulations" hold an accuracy rate of close to 72 percent! That's above and beyond what Accuscore and whatifsports.com do in a single season.

How often are Super Bowl predictions correct? ›

As of January 2022, the predictor has been right 41 out of 55 games, a 75% success rate.

How many times has Madden predicted the Super Bowl? ›

Well, the Madden franchise has accurately predicted the Super Bowl winner in 13 of the past 18 years, including perfectly forecasting the score in Super Bowl XLIX.

Who is the best sports handicapping service? ›

Doc's Sports has been the gold standard in the sports handicapping industry since 1971. They offer the only multi-optional guarantee of its kind in the industry. They have full time experts in NFL, MLB, NBA, NHL, College Football, & College Basketball.

Who is the best sports handicapper in the world? ›

Expert Sports Handicappers
RankHandicapperProfit
1Jack Jones$6,924 2Rob Vinciletti$6,473
3Mark Wilson$5,601 4Totals Guru$4,178
26 more rows

### Who is the best college football handicapper? ›

Best College Football Handicappers of All-Time
RankHandicapperProfit
1Kyle Hunter$11,986 2Rob Vinciletti$11,443
3John Martin$10,807 4Jack Jones$10,020
11 more rows

How often do NFL underdogs win outright? ›

Underdogs won outright in just 97 of 272 games last season. That is a winning percentage of under 36%.

What percentage of bets win? ›

While it's believable that a quarter of bettors believe they're winning at that high of a rate, the reality is it's most likely not true. To be profitable, a bettor must win at least 52.4% of bets. For many, 55% is a good year, 60% a great year and 65% a career year.

How often do professional gamblers win? ›

Bob McCune, Legendary Sports Handicapper, Bettor and Author. For professional sports bettors, a long-term winning percentage of around 55 percent is ideal.

What does +200 mean for odds? ›

Odds with a plus sign are underdog bets. Plus odds tell you how much profit you will get on a $100 bet. A$100 bet with +200 odds nets you $200 profit plus your original$100 bet. If you bet $20, you would profit$40. For the rare even money odds, those can be listed as -100, +100 or EV.

What are the easiest football bets to win? ›

What are the easiest bets to win?
• BTTS: BTTS bet demands the punters to predict if both teams will score a goal or not. ...
• Over/Under: This bet can work in your favor when you have chosen a smaller figure as reference. ...
• Double chance bet: In this bet, you win money when any two from the three outcomes are obtained.

What sport is easiest to bet on? ›

What's the Easiest Sport to Bet On?
• College Basketball – Easiest Sport for Beating the Book.
• NFL Football – Most Accessible Sport to Bet On.
• MLB Baseball – Best Sport for Beginning Sports Bettors.
• Conclusion.
7 Jan 2022

How do you pronounce Elo? ›

Pronunciation
1. IPA: /ˈelo/, [ˈe̞lo̞]
2. Rhymes: -elo.
3. Syllabification: E‧lo.

What is a high Elo? ›

Technically speaking, once you hit Silver in the West, this is enough to classify yourself as high Elo. In fact, Gold IV is enough to be higher than 2/3 of the LoL players. Personally, I would brag about being high Elo once I'm in Platinum IV – this is the top 10%.

What Elo means in LoL? ›

League of Legends Elo

Your Elo is essentially your rating. It is determined by your win/loss ratio and how many games you have played. In normal queue your Elo is hidden from yourself and others, but the matchmaking system still uses it to decide your opponents.

### Who invented football? ›

Walter Camp is considered the “founder” of American football. Camp was an accomplished rugby player from Yale University who began to transform the rules of rugby for a more 'modern' style of play, which eventually developed into the sport of football during the 1880s.

Who is the number 1 footballer in the world? ›

#1. Lionel Messi (PSG & Argentina) (Total Football Goals: 769) The Argentine great turned 35 this June but even at his age, the veteran hasn't lost his ability to weave magic on the pitch. In his first season away from his childhood club Barcelona, Messi finished with 11 goals and 15 assists in 34 appearances overall.

Is 1800 Elo rating good? ›

In the US Chess Federation, which is not terribly atypical for Elo ratings, an 1800 player stands above 88%-90% of all rated players. That's not the normal meaning of average. How many USCF rated chess players are there? It can't be too much if a player rated 1800 is stronger than the 90% of all other USCF players.

How high is Magnus Carlsen IQ? ›

And if Magnus Carlsen is the finest chess player the world has ever seen, he can be that intelligent! His IQ of 190 is ideal for him!

Who has the highest Elo? ›

Magnus Carlsen holds the record for the highest Elo rating achieved at 2882. The Norwegian reached this level in 2014. Carlsen, currently, has a rating of 2864 and still on top. Chess legend Garry Kasparov is the only other player to have crossed the 2850 mark.

Is Glicko better than Elo? ›

Glicko is mathematically better than Elo, but requires more calculation. Elo was conceived around 1970 and could be calculated without a computer. Glicko is only practical with a computer. Glicko and Elo should reach the same rating, but Glicko reaches the right rating faster.

How does Elo system work? ›

The Elo Rating System for Chess and Beyond - YouTube

When did the NBA have its highest ratings? ›

This is a list of television ratings for NBA Finals in the United States, based on Nielsen viewing data. The highest rated and most watched NBA Finals series was the 1998 NBA Finals between the Chicago Bulls and Utah Jazz, which averaged an 18.7 rating / 33 share and 29.04 million viewers on NBC.

How often are Super Bowl predictions correct? ›

As of January 2022, the predictor has been right 41 out of 55 games, a 75% success rate.

How accurate is Madden at predicting the Super Bowl? ›

So why rely on a video game when deciding where to place your bet? Well, the Madden franchise has accurately predicted the Super Bowl winner in 13 of the past 18 years, including perfectly forecasting the score in Super Bowl XLIX.

### How do you predict football scores? ›

To predict correct scores in football, you need to consider a range of past stats. You should look at head-to-head results, seasonal results and player-on-player stats.

What does Elo mean in football? ›

As alluded to above, Elo is a dynamic rating system that works to identify player/team strength at a specific time. At a high level, every team enters every game with an Elo rating. This rating is just a number (usually between 1000 to 2000), with a higher number representing a stronger team.

Who is most likely to win the Super Bowl 2022? ›

The Buffalo Bills (+275) are the current favorites to claim the Vince Lombardi trophy come next February, but the Hurts-led Philadelphia Eagles (+550) aren't far behind. Rounding out the top five on the odds board are the Kansas City Chiefs (+750), Tampa Bay Buccaneers (+1200), and the Minnesota Vikings (+1600).

How often is Madden simulation correct? ›

Actually in essence, that's what they do! To answer the question I posed, over a three year period, these "Madden Simulations" hold an accuracy rate of close to 72 percent! That's above and beyond what Accuscore and whatifsports.com do in a single season.

What is the Super Bowl score prediction 2022? ›

Kickoff for Super Bowl 56 is at 6:30 p.m. ET. Caesars Sportsbook lists the Rams as 4.5-point favorites, while the over-under, or total number of points Vegas thinks will be scored, is 48.5 in the latest Rams vs. Bengals odds.

Why the Rams will beat the Bengals? ›

Why the Rams will win: The Bengals' offensive line has struggled to protect Joe Burrow all season. Aaron Donald and that Rams front will be too much, while the Rams' offensive trio of Matthew Stafford, Cooper Kupp and Odell Beckham Jr. will torch Cincy's back end.

Who does Madden have winning the Super Bowl? ›

In their third straight battle with the Steelers in the AFC Championship game, Madden's Raiders finally defeated their nemesis 24–7 to reach Super Bowl XI. On January 9, 1977, Madden won his first and only NFL title with a 32–14 win over the Minnesota Vikings.

The differences between Simulation and Competitive mode are much more subtle, as two modes both seem to follow the more realistic rules of NFL games. Simulation claims to offer the most realistic experience, while Competitive mode requires a bit more skill and is the standard mode used in official ranked matches.

How do you predict the correct score and win? ›

HOW TO PREDICT CORRECT SCORE? - YouTube

Which is the best site for prediction? ›

List of top 10 best prediction sites in the world
S.NFootball Prediction Sites
1Betensured
2Forebet
3WinDrawWin
4PredictZ
6 more rows
3 Jun 2022

### How do you win a football jackpot? ›

In most scenarios, you will have to guess the correct outcomes of 13 games or more.
1. Stick To Jackpots That Have Good Odds. Different football betting companies offer different jackpots every week. ...
2. Ignore The Odds For A Bit. Companies give odds to the team to showcase their strengths and weaknesses. ...
26 Nov 2021

Which country is strong in football? ›

World Football / Soccer Rankings
RkTeamRecord
1Brazil43-4-11
2Belgium42-7-8
3France39-6-14
4Netherlands28-8-13
117 more rows

Which country has the best football in the world? ›

The FIFA Men's World Ranking is a ranking system for men's national teams in association football, currently led by Brazil.

How do you pronounce Elo? ›

Pronunciation
1. IPA: /ˈelo/, [ˈe̞lo̞]
2. Rhymes: -elo.
3. Syllabification: E‧lo.

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